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Retirement Concerns by Andy
Eat Short to Live Long: Boosting Energy Through Diet
The Plant Paradox and Lectin-Free Eating
Introduction:
This briefing document synthesizes information from excerpts featuring Dr. Steven Gundry and a WebMD article on the Plant Paradox diet (also known as the lectin-free diet). The core concept of this approach is that certain proteins in plants, called lectins, are "anti-nutrients" that can contribute to chronic health conditions such as inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and weight gain. The diet advocates for avoiding or carefully preparing foods high in lectins, while emphasizing foods considered low in these proteins and rich in beneficial nutrients like antioxidants and healthy fats.
Key Themes and Ideas:
- Lectins as "Anti-Nutrients":
- Dr. Steven Gundry, the proponent of the Plant Paradox diet, claims that lectins are a defense mechanism used by plants to deter being eaten.
- The WebMD article explains that lectins are proteins that bind carbohydrates and are not easily broken down during digestion.
- High levels of lectins, especially when raw or undercooked, can cause digestive upset (nausea, vomiting, stomach upset, diarrhea, bloating, gas).
- Dr. Gundry associates lectins with contributing to various chronic health conditions and weight gain in his patients.
- Identifying High-Lectin Foods (Foods to Avoid):
- Both sources provide lists of foods to avoid due to their high lectin content. These lists are extensive and include many commonly considered "healthy" foods.
- Grains: Wheat (including wheatgrass), corn products, brown rice, quinoa, barley, rice.
- Beans and Legumes: Chickpeas, lentils, peas, edamame, tofu, peanuts, lima beans, red kidney beans, split peas. (Note: Some beans can be made safer by pressure cooking).
- Certain Fruits and Vegetables: Bell peppers, chili peppers, cucumbers, eggplant, goji berries, melons (any kind), pumpkins, squashes (any kind), tomatillos, tomatoes, zucchini, bananas (when ripe). These are often referred to as "nightshades."
- Certain Nuts and Seeds: Sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, chia seeds, almonds with peels, cashews.
- Traditional Dairy: Products containing casein A1 protein (most cow's milk products from American cows).
- Certain Oils: Corn, cottonseed, grapeseed, peanut, safflower, soy, sunflower, "vegetable" oils, and partially hydrogenated oils.
- Processed Foods and Sugars: Bread, cereal, cookies, crackers, pasta, pastry, potato chips, refined sugar, artificial sweeteners, granola bars (often high in sugar, lectins, and glyphosate).
- Identifying Low-Lectin Foods (Foods to Emphasize):
- The diet encourages the consumption of foods low in lectins, often those high in antioxidants and omega-3s.
- Certain Nuts and Seeds: Macadamia nuts, walnuts, pistachios, pecans, sacha inchi seeds, baru nut seeds, basil seeds, flaxseeds, hempseeds, sesame seeds.
- Fruits: Pomegranates, kiwis, blackberries, blueberries. Green bananas (eaten frozen like a popsicle to utilize resistant starch).
- Vegetables: Artichoke, asparagus, avocados, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, celery, cilantro, garlic, greens (collard, mustard), kale, olives, spinach, sweet potatoes/yams.
- Oils: Olive oil (particularly for its polyphenols), avocado oil, coconut oil, flaxseed oil, MCT oil, sesame oil.
- Dairy Alternatives: Goat milk and goat cheese, sheep milk yogurt, goat milk yogurt, A2 milk yogurt, coconut yogurt (plain). Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese.
- Meats and Seafood: Pasture-raised chicken and t
Okay, welcome to the Deep Dive.
Speaker 2:Great to be here.
Speaker 1:Today we're diving into a stack of material all focused on diet and health. We've got some really interesting insights, kind of from a doctor's perspective, on common foods, snacks.
Speaker 2:Yeah, and plus a look at the science, or at least the claims, behind a pretty popular diet approach associated with that perspective.
Speaker 1:Exactly so. The mission for this Deep Dive is really to unpack the key ideas presented in these sources. We're gonna look at concepts like lectins in everyday snacks.
Speaker 2:Right and pinpoint some foods that might be surprising.
Speaker 1:No-nos, you know, according to this material, and also explore a different way of thinking about how food connects to energy, hopefully helping you sort through some of the well conflicting advice that's out there.
Speaker 2:Absolutely so. Our sources they're mostly clips from a health-focused YouTube channel quite popular, and also a detailed article that reviews the diet tied to it.
Speaker 1:Yeah, it gives us a very specific lens, doesn't it? To view what we eat, especially like when we're just grabbing a quick bite.
Speaker 2:For sure. Okay, let's unpack this then.
Speaker 1:So the core idea, it seems from these sources, revolves around these proteins called lectins.
Speaker 2:And they're found in lots of foods, right Even ones we generally think are pretty healthy. Right, and the theory that's put forward is that these lectins well, they aren't just sitting there, they can act as anti-nutrients or even like defense mechanisms for the plants themselves, Sort of the plant's way of saying don't eat me.
Speaker 1:Ah yeah, like a little deterrent system.
Speaker 2:Exactly. The sources point out lectins are supposedly found in various parts seeds, grains, skins, rinds, even leaves.
Speaker 1:And the concern they highlight is that in high amounts, especially uncooked, like raw kidney beans are the classic example.
Speaker 2:Oh yeah, definitely don't eat those raw.
Speaker 1:Right, they can cause some pretty serious acute stomach issues. We're talking nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloating gas.
Speaker 2:And they also mentioned making red blood cells clump together, which sounds well not good.
Speaker 1:Not good at all. Now, the plant paradox diet, which one of the sources reviews, is apparently built right on this idea. It suggests avoiding, or really limiting, high lectin foods.
Speaker 2:Claiming it can help with things like chronic inflammation and even autoimmune diseases.
Speaker 1:Okay, but the review article we looked at kind of pumps the brakes a bit there, doesn't it?
Speaker 2:It does. Yeah, the review article emphasizes that the research specifically backing up the plant paradox diet's broader claims hasn't really been widely reproduced or independently confirmed, and it also notes that you know typical Western diets mainly because we cook things like beans and grains.
Speaker 1:Right Boiling pressure cooking.
Speaker 2:Exactly those methods mean we're already consuming relatively low levels of active lectins compared to if we ate them raw.
Speaker 1:Okay, that's a really important piece of context. So if cooking already deals with a lot of the lectin issue for many foods, why the push from the YouTube source to completely cut out things like beans and whole grains? I mean, those have known benefits, right for diabetes, heart disease, when cooked properly, of course.
Speaker 2:Well, the YouTube source really doubles down on the potential harm of lectins, even in cooked foods, especially for people they consider sensitive. They argue for complete avoidance or you know very specific prep methods for optimal health, particularly if you've got underlying inflammation, or even wise, given potential nutrient gaps. Based on the broader science.
Speaker 1:So a definite difference in emphasis there. Ok, fascinating contrast.
Speaker 2:Yeah.
Speaker 1:So let's take the perspective from that YouTube source for a bit the focus on minimizing lectins and maybe other problematic things and apply it to something really relatable.
Speaker 2:Snacks.
Speaker 1:Yes, the eat this, not that list Always fun.
Speaker 2:Okay, where do we start?
Speaker 1:Seeds Right Seeds. So the source advises specifically avoiding common ones like sunflower seeds and pumpkin seeds, and their oils too. Calls them loaded with lectins.
Speaker 2:Loaded with lectins. Wow, strong words. I snack on sunflower seeds sometimes. What are the alternatives then, according to this? Instead, they recommend things like satcha, anti-seeds, baru, nuts or pomegranate seeds. They say these are lectin-free and high in protein. Okay, but they are clear. It's not all seeds, just specific ones. They flag.
Speaker 1:Got it? Good clarification, okay, moving on Chips Big one Potato chips.
Speaker 2:Definite avoid. Potatoes themselves are called lectin bombs in the source.
Speaker 1:Again with the strong language.
Speaker 2:Yeah, and the chips are usually cooked in what they describe as lectin-rich or omega-6 heavy oils.
Speaker 1:Right the omega-6 versus omega-3 balance issue. That seems to come up a lot in health discussions.
Speaker 2:It does Too much. Omega-6 relative to omega-3 is often linked to inflammation, pathways and corn chips. Same deal with the oils Plus. The source claims corn components can cause antibodies or leaky gut in many of their patients.
Speaker 1:Leaky gut. Okay, just briefly. In this context that refers to the idea that the gut lining becomes more permeable. Right, letting stuff through, that shouldn't.
Speaker 2:Exactly that's the theory they're working with that these particles get into the bloodstream, trigger the immune system, cause inflammation.
Speaker 1:Got it so with potatoes and corn chips out. What about all those grain-free or lectin-free chips popping up everywhere? They sound like they should be okay, based on this.
Speaker 2:Ah, but this is where the source issues a major heads up. Don't just trust the front of the package. Okay, they give an example A chip made from cauliflower carrots. Cassava sounds good, lectin-free ingredients, but cooked in sunflower oil which they flag, and it had chia seeds, another ingredient they have issues with later. But the bigger point they make, maybe the most important one here, is that many of these alternatives, despite the health halo, are just simple carbohydrates, basically sugar bombs in disguise.
Speaker 1:Okay, explain that sugar bomb calculation they use. How does that work?
Speaker 2:So they look right at the nutrition facts. Let's say, eight chips have 19 grams of carbs and two grams of fiber. You subtract the fiber.
Speaker 1:You do net carbs.
Speaker 2:Right, 17 grams of net carbs. Now, since roughly four grams of carbs acts like a teaspoon of sugar in your body, well, 17 grams is over four teaspoons of sugar equivalent per serving.
Speaker 1:Wow, just from the carbs in those healthy chips.
Speaker 2:Exactly. You have another example a cassava chip with avocado oil and coconut flour still came out to 17 grams net carbs. Right, the point is, your body processes those simple carbs very quickly, much like sugar.
Speaker 1:And they actually saw this affect patients.
Speaker 2:Yeah, they report. Patients switching to these healthy chips saw increases in triglycerides, insulin, insulin resistance.
Speaker 1:Yeah.
Speaker 2:The takeaway stark. Ignore the buzzwords. Look at the actual carb and sugar numbers.
Speaker 1:Fascinating and a bit scary. Ok, next up, popcorn, often seen as a whole grain, maybe a better choice.
Speaker 2:Well, regular popcorn is on the avoid list too.
Speaker 1:Oh, why?
Speaker 2:Simple reason it's corn and they claim the popping process somehow exposes the grain, making it digest super fast and turn straight into sugar in your body.
Speaker 1:Ah, the rapid sugar spike concern again. Is there any popcorn alternative? They suggest.
Speaker 2:Yes, sorghum popcorn. Apparently no lectins, but they're careful to say it's not like a health food replacement, so got to watch it. Yeah, half a cup still has about eight grams of carbs, one gram of fiber, so seven grams net carbs. That's almost two teaspoons of sugar equivalent. Their strategy for it is unique they suggest soaking the sorghum popcorn in olive oil.
Speaker 1:Soaking it.
Speaker 2:Yeah, basically using the popcorn as a vehicle, a delivery device. They call it for olive oil, which they consider a real health food because of its beneficial compounds.
Speaker 1:That is quite specific. Okay, moving on, hummus Seems healthy, right Chickpeas.
Speaker 2:Store-bought hummus gets flagged why? Chickpeas are beans legumes and, according to the source, loaded with lectins.
Speaker 1:Ah, okay, so chickpeas fall under the leptin warning too. What's the alternative? Make your own, pretty much Definitely.
Speaker 2:Either make it yourself using pressure-cooked chickpeas. They specifically mention brands like Eden or Jovial that use pressure cooking, claiming it destroys the lectins.
Speaker 1:So pressure cooking is key for beans and legumes in this view.
Speaker 2:Seems to be, or the other option is making macadamia nut hummus. They apparently have a recipe for that on their channel.
Speaker 1:Macadamia nut hummus Interesting, okay. Almonds, super popular, almond milk, almond flour, whole almonds. What's the verdict?
Speaker 2:This one surprised me too. They say the almond peel has a pretty nasty lectin that many people react to.
Speaker 1:The peel. So like Marcona almonds, or blanched ones without the skin, those are good.
Speaker 2:Safer for most people is how they put it. But this is a big but If you have existing gut issues or autoimmune disease, they claim. A large percentage of their patients react to all parts of the almond flour milk, even the blanched ones.
Speaker 1:Wow, even without the peel.
Speaker 2:Yeah, their advice is basically buyer beware Almonds might not be your friend if you're dealing with those conditions.
Speaker 1:That's huge, considering how almonds are in everything healthy. What do they suggest instead?
Speaker 2:Plenty of other nuts get the green light Macadamia nuts, walnuts, pistachios, pecans. They even suggest mixing them baking with olive oil and herbs.
Speaker 1:More olive oil.
Speaker 2:Yep, their advice is pretty blunt Just push the olives aside in the grocery store. Strong stance Okay.
Speaker 1:Yogurt. Greek yogurt gets a lot of praise for protein. What's the issue here?
Speaker 2:Avoid it. They say Specifically Greek yogurt or any yogurt from typical American cows. The reason cited is inflammatory casein A1 protein.
Speaker 1:Casein A1. Okay, can you explain that quickly? Different types of milk protein.
Speaker 2:Yeah, basically, different cow breeds produce milk with different casein variants. A1 is presented by the source as being potentially inflammatory or harder to digest for some people.
Speaker 1:Compared to A2.
Speaker 2:Right A2 casein found in certain breeds or in sheep or goat milk is presented as being better tolerated, so the alternatives are sheep milk yogurt, goat milk yogurt, coconut yogurt or A2 milk yogurt.
Speaker 1:And crucially, it has to be plain, right, no flavors.
Speaker 2:Absolutely. It must be plain. Any flavored ones are out because of sugar or artificial sweeteners, like Splendo, which they also don't like.
Speaker 1:Okay, plain only. But what about the sugar listed on the label, the lactose?
Speaker 2:Ah, good point. They explain that nuance. On plain yogurt, even if lactose is listed, the bacteria eat most of it during fermentation, so there's very little actual sugar left. Same for plain coconut yogurt.
Speaker 1:Gotcha. So the label might be misleading for plain yogurt sugar content and if you want it sweet, they suggest using Allulose. Allulose. That's one of those rare sugars, isn't? It Doesn't impact blood sugar much.
Speaker 2:That's the idea. Yeah, it occurs naturally in small amounts, provides few calories and seems to be metabolized differently.
Speaker 1:Interesting. Okay, classic kid snack Ants on a log Celery peanut butter raisins.
Speaker 2:Problematic. According to this source, Peanut butter labeled a lectin bomb.
Speaker 1:Oh, boy, and the raisins.
Speaker 2:Pure sugar, pretty straightforward.
Speaker 1:So what's the approved alternative?
Speaker 2:Keep the celery, but swap the peanut butter for macadamia nut butter, pistachio butter or walnut butter.
Speaker 1:Following the nut recommendations from earlier.
Speaker 2:Exactly, and instead of raisins, add pomegranate seeds, especially for a holiday touch, they suggest.
Speaker 1:Cute, Okay. Chia seed pudding it's everywhere. Health cafes love it. Fiber or omega-3s what's not to like?
Speaker 2:Well, this is another surprising one from the source. They acknowledge the fiber and the omega-3s and that humans do absorb some of those omega-3s, but they cite studies suggesting chia seeds can actually increase C-reactive protein. Crp, which is a marker for Inflammation yeah, a common marker for inflammation in the body. So the concern is while you get some benefits, the potential to increase inflammation is a major drawback in their view.
Speaker 1:Wow, that runs completely counter to the usual health message about chia. What's the swap? Basil seeds Basil seeds, like from the herb.
Speaker 2:Kind of they're related part of the mint family. According to the source, they're loaded with antioxidants, omega-3s. They make that same gel texture as chia.
Speaker 1:But without the inflammation concern.
Speaker 2:Exactly. They say basil seeds don't seem to raise CRP levels. They mentioned they're becoming easier to find. Zen Basil is a brand they like and you just use them, exactly like chia seeds.
Speaker 1:Huh, basil seeds definitely something new to look into. Okay, granola bars Quick, easy snack.
Speaker 2:These get a really harsh assessment. Basically called a bar of sugar, lectins and glyphosate to round up, Yikes Glyphosate, that's the herbicide right.
Speaker 1:They found that in griddle bars.
Speaker 2:They cite testing by the Environmental Working Group that's a nonprofit advocacy group which reportedly found high levels of glyphosate, and apparently even a banned herbicide, in almost all the bars they tested.
Speaker 1:Wow, so the source views them as.
Speaker 2:A pesticide, herbicide-laden sugar bomb their words.
Speaker 1:Okay, that's pretty damning. Are there any bars that get a pass?
Speaker 2:They suggest looking at alternatives, maybe some from the Gundry MD line they mentioned, or bars in the keto category generally Key T. Big caution here.
Speaker 1:Let me guess. Read the label Every single time.
Speaker 2:They stress that ingredients change constantly. Things like peanut butter, the lectin bomb or Splenda sucralose can get snuck in. Even with brands you think are okay. You have to check the label every time you buy.
Speaker 1:Good reminder about formulations changing. Okay, last snack item Bananas. A staple for so many people. Breakfast pre-workout.
Speaker 2:Two main issues raised here by the source. First, they say bananas frequently rank high on food sensitivity tests for their patients Suggests they might promote inflammation for some people.
Speaker 1:Okay, potential inflammation link and the second problem.
Speaker 2:It's about ripeness, especially ripe bananas. The starch converts to fructose that gets absorbed really quickly.
Speaker 1:Like a sugar hit.
Speaker 2:Yeah, and they claim this rapid fructose absorption can raise triglycerides and potentially, over time, increase mitochondrial damage in the liver and kidneys. They explicitly say a ripe banana is not good for sustained energy and is the last thing you want before a workout.
Speaker 1:Whoa. That totally contradicts the common advice Eat a banana for energy before exercise.
Speaker 2:Right, they're saying no Bad idea from their perspective.
Speaker 1:So is there any way to eat bananas according to them, or just avoid them entirely?
Speaker 2:There's a very specific method Buy them green, really green.
Speaker 1:Okay.
Speaker 2:Peel them, which they admit is hard when they're that green. Then freeze the peeled green bananas. Freeze them, yep. Then saw one out. When you want to eat it, kind of like a popsicle, it won't be sweet, obviously.
Speaker 1:It doesn't sound too appealing. Why do this?
Speaker 2:Because green bananas are full of resistant starch.
Speaker 1:Ah, resistant starch, that's the stuff that feeds your gut bacteria, right?
Speaker 2:Yep, exactly Great food for your microbiome. The source links feeding your gut bacteria well to producing beneficial compounds that ultimately help maximize mitochondrial energy production. They even suggest doing this green banana thing for like four or five days once a month, claiming it acts a bit like calorie restriction because of how that starch is processed.
Speaker 1:Wow, okay, that is a completely different approach to bananas.
Speaker 2:Definitely shifts the perspective.
Speaker 1:So, moving beyond these specific snack do's and don'ts based on lectins and sugar and whatnot, the sources also connect this to a broader idea about energy right Not just feeling energetic, but actual cellular energy.
Speaker 2:Yeah, they make a really interesting distinction. True energy, they argue, isn't just that buzz from sugar or coffee. It's fundamentally about ATP production.
Speaker 1:ATP, the energy currency our cells run on, made by the mitochondria.
Speaker 2:Precisely those little powerhouses in our cells. Energy is about making them work efficiently, not just getting a quick jolt.
Speaker 1:Okay, so how do our modern diets mess that up?
Speaker 2:according to this view, the issue they highlight is bombarding the mitochondria with too much too fast all at once. Simple proteins, simple sugars, simple fats all hitting the system simultaneously, from processed foods or certain meal combos.
Speaker 1:And that causes.
Speaker 2:Rush hour gridlock is the analogy they use. When you overwhelm the mitochondria like that, the processes get clogged up and paradoxically, they end up producing less ATP, less actual energy, than if they were fed fuel more steadily or in different combinations.
Speaker 1:Gridlock in your mitochondria. That sounds counterintuitive. You'd think more fuel equals more energy.
Speaker 2:Right, but they argue it's about the type of fuel and the timing. Too much simple stuff all at once jams the system.
Speaker 1:This seems like it would apply directly to a lot of common energy products.
Speaker 2:For sure, cotein drinks and bars often flag because they combine simple proteins and sugars, creating that perfect gridlock scenario.
Speaker 1:And fruit smoothies often seen as healthy.
Speaker 2:Also get a strong thumbs down from this perspective. Breaking down fruit into simple fructose, especially liquefied in a smoothie where the fiber is pulverized. They call that the number one way to impair liver mitochondrial function, reduce ATP and potentially increase fatty liver.
Speaker 1:So definitely not a good pre-workout choice in their book.
Speaker 2:Absolutely not.
Speaker 1:They say it's the last thing you'd want before exercising, which flips that common wisdom right on its head. What about exercising on an empty stomach, then? Is that better from this viewpoint?
Speaker 2:They mention human trials suggesting that exercising fasted can actually increase ATP production and enhance the workout's benefits. Use that old wise tale.
Speaker 1:About not swimming after eating.
Speaker 2:Yeah, the idea being, if your blood flow is busy digesting food, it's diverted away from your muscles. Eating right before exercise, they argue, reduces blood available to the muscles.
Speaker 1:Makes sense when you put it that way. They also touched on the ketogenic diet in athletes, didn't they? Some people see keto as this ultimate energy source.
Speaker 2:They did and they cited research showing athletic performance often plummets. Their word in the first few days or weeks of starting keto Plummets Really.
Speaker 1:Yeah, plummets their word in the first few days or weeks of starting keto Plummets Really, yeah.
Speaker 2:They mentioned a study with racewalkers who needed significantly more oxygen on keto versus a carb diet to maintain the same speed. They present this as evidence that ketones might not be the instant super fuel. Some claim, at least not initially or for all types of performance.
Speaker 1:Interesting counterpoint to the keto hype. So if simple carbs plus simple protein plus fats equals gridlock and even keto might initially tank performance, what is the energy recommendation from these sources? How do we fuel ourselves?
Speaker 2:A pretty memorable image. They paint Eat like a gorilla who lives in Italy.
Speaker 1:Okay, I need you to break that down for me. A gorilla in Italy.
Speaker 2:Yeah, yeah. So the gorilla part refers to eating lots of leaves, think leafy greens. They're packed with phytonutrients, polyphenols and, importantly, fiber. That fiber feeds your gut bacteria Right, feeding the microbiome Exactly. And well-fed gut bacteria produce beneficial compounds, energy substrates that your cells can use efficiently. Then the lives in Italy, part.
Speaker 1:Olive oil.
Speaker 2:Also rich in polyphenols Good for the gut, Tastes great. The idea is that this combination lots of greens and fiber plus high quality olive oil supports your gut bacteria, which in turn, helps maximize your mitochondrial energy production for sustained, efficient energy.
Speaker 1:So it's less about immediate fuel and more about cultivating the internal environment, the gut and the mitochondria.
Speaker 2:That's exactly the shift in focus supporting the whole system long term rather than just looking for quick energy spikes.
Speaker 1:Okay, wow, that's a lot to take in. So bringing this all back to you, the listener what's the takeaway from this deep dive? What does it all mean?
Speaker 2:Well, it definitely shows that figuring out what's healthy even for something as simple as a snack can be way more complex than it looks on the surface, especially when you consider these specific perspectives.
Speaker 1:It really hammers home the importance of looking past the marketing right, beyond labels like grain-free or natural, and actually digging into the ingredients list.
Speaker 2:And thinking about the potential impact of things like Leckins, or the difference between simple carbs and fiber, or even specific proteins like casein A1.
Speaker 1:And even how food is prepared, like pressure cooking beans or freezing green bananas. Those details mattered a lot in this source material.
Speaker 2:Totally, and it certainly challenges some very common ideas about energy, foods and fueling workouts. It suggests that maybe focusing on your gut health and how your mitochondria function might be a more effective long-term strategy.
Speaker 1:Okay, so let's recap this journey quickly. We started with this concept of lectins the plant paradox idea.
Speaker 2:Then we dissected a whole bunch of common snacks, uncovering some pretty surprising avoid recommendations and interesting swaps, all based on this specific framework.
Speaker 1:And finally, we explored this different perspective on food and energy, moving away from just quick fuel and focusing on mitochondrial health and the gut microbiome.
Speaker 2:Yeah, the core message from these sources seems to be pay close attention to ingredients, understand how different foods are actually processed by your body, and consider the downstream effects on your gut and your cellular energy production.
Speaker 1:So here's where it gets really interesting to think about. If you take that idea from the source seriously that combining simple protein and simple sugar creates gridlock for your mitochondria, does that change how you look at maybe seemingly innocent food combinations you eat, or those common energy boosting snacks like that protein bar or fruit smoothie you might grab, thinking it's healthy?
Speaker 2:Definitely something to ponder as you reach for your next snack choice.